ABSTRACT
Objectives: The present study was designed to compare outcomes in patients undergoing thoracic surgery using the VivaSight double?lumen tube (VDLT) or the conventional double?lumen tube (cDLT). Design: A retrospective analysis of 100 patients scheduled for lung resection recruited over 21 consecutivemonths (January 2018–September 2019). Setting: Single?center university teaching hospital investigation. Participants: A randomized sample of 100 patients who underwent lung resection during this period were selected for the purpose to compare 50 patients in the VDLT group and 50 in the cDLT group. Interventions: After institutional review board approval, patients were chosen according to inclusion and exclusion criteria and we created a general database.The 100 patients have been chosen through a random process with the Microsoft Excel program (Microsoft 2018, Version 16.16.16). Measurements and Main Results: The primary endpoint of the study was to analyze the need to use fiberoptic bronchoscopy to confirm the correct positioning of VDLT or the cDLT used for lung isolation. Secondary endpoints were respiratory parameters, admission to the intensive care unit, length of hospitalization, postoperative complications, readmission, and 30?day mortality rate. The use of fiberoptic bronchoscopy was lower in the VDLT group, and the size of the tube was smaller.The intraoperative respiratory and hemodynamics parameters were optimal. There were no other preoperative, intraoperative, or postoperative differences between both groups. Conclusions: TheVDLT reduces the need for fiberoptic bronchoscopy, and it seems that a smaller size is needed.Finally,VDLT is cost?effective using disposable fiberscopes.
ABSTRACT
La ventilación mecánica es esencial para un adecuado intercambio gaseoso durante la anestesia general, siendo empleada con volúmenes corrientes altos para prevenir la hipoxemia y la formación de atelectasias; pero volúmenes corrientes altos y altas presiones de meseta pueden agravar o incluso iniciar una lesión pulmonar. La ventilación de protección pulmonar consiste en el uso de un volumen corriente bajo, limitar la presión meseta para minimizar la sobredistensión y utilizar presión positiva al final de la espiración. Más recientemente se está investigando su aplicación al paciente quirúrgico con anestesia general y ventilación controlada. Objetivo: analizar la evidencia en cuanto al beneficio de la ventilación de protección pulmonar durante la cirugía con ventilación controlada bipulmonar o unipulmonar en paciente adulto. Metodología de búsqueda: búsqueda en la base de datos Pubmed-Medline 2010-2014 de artículos de revisión clínica y fisiopatológica y revisiones sistemáticas, metaanálisis, estudios observacionales y controlados aleatorizados, incluyéndose en total 2031 artículos. Resultados: la mayoría de estudios que emplean ventilación de protección pulmonar: volumen corriente 6-8 ml/kg, presión positiva al final de la expiración 4-8 cmH2O y maniobras de reclutamiento, obtuvieron una mejoría en los parámetros fisiológicos y ventilatorios. Algunas investigaciones ofrecen resultados no homogéneos; sin embargo, clínicamente la evidencia no es tan notoria. Estudios con tamaño de muestra grande registran un aumento de la morbimortalidad respiratoria postoperatoria en pacientes en los que no se emplea esta estrategia. Conclusiones: la aplicación de estrategias de ventilación de protección pulmonar intraoperatoria podrían mejorar el pronóstico y los resultados inmediatos y diferidos -especialmente respiratorios- de los pacientes quirúrgicos normales y poblaciones especiales...
Artificial ventilation is essential for an adequate gas interchange during general anesthesia, it has been used with high tidal volume to prevent hypoxemia and atelectasis, but high tidal volumes and high plateau pressures might aggravate or start a lung injury. Pulmonary protective ventilation consists of use of low tidal volumes, limit plateau pressure to minimize overdistension and use positive pressure at the end of expiration and controlled ventilation. Objective: to analize the evidence on the possible benefit of protective pulmonary ventilation during surgery with bipulmonar or unipulmonar controlled ventilation. Materials and Methods: the Pubmed-Medline database was searched for years 2010-2014 for articles on clinical and pathophysiological reviews, systematic reviews, metaanalysis, observational studies, and randomized controlled trials. A total of 2031 articles were included. Results: most studies using pulmonary protective ventilation: tidal volume 6-8 ml/kg, positive end expiratory pressure 4-8 cmH2O and recruitment maneuvers, showed improved physiologic and ventilatory parameters. Some investigations offered not homogeneous results; however, the clinical evidence of improvement is not as clear. Studies with wide sample sizes showed increased respiratory morbimortality in patients in whom this strategy was not applied. Conclusions: application of protective pulmonary ventilation strategies might improve the immediate and delayed prognostic and outcomes, specially respiratory of normal sugical patients. Special populations could benefit of these stratiegies...